Condenser



F. E. PAYNE.

CONDENSER. APPLICATION FILED Nov2a.1921.

1 ,427, 3 1 8 Patented Aug. 29, 1922.

UNi'iD STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK E. PAYNE, 0F CHICAGO, ILLNOIS.

GONDENSER.

Marais.

To all whom, t may concern.' s f y Be it known that l, FRANK E. PAYNE, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at ,Chicago, in the county of Cook andStat-e of Illinois, have invented certainnew and usei'ul improvements in Condensers, o/which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in condensers, and more` particularly to the ferrules commonly employed to retain thekcondenser tube pacliings in place and to prevent or limit outward displacement of the tubes with respect tothe tube sheets. y

lt has been the practice heretofore to provide the ends of all the tubes in a condenser with individual ferrules, .which have screwthreaded engagement with the tubersheets aroundv the tube ends and serve as packing retainers. rl `hey also prevent longitudinal displacement of the tubes, the latter result being accomplished by prividing. the `ierrules with inwardlyV directed shoulders overlying the ends of the tubes. Since condensers are used lemploying from 10,000l to 20,0()Otubes` it will be seen that these ferrules represent a substantial item, both as regards cost and thetimeand laborinvolved in applying the same.

. One object of the present invention is to provide a'ferrule which may engage not only .the endof the tube to which it is applied but also all of the tube ends immediately surrounding it, thus greatly reducing the number of errules requiredy to limit the movement of the tubes and thereby effecting a material saving. ,n

Another object is to provide apparatus of this chjaracterin which a metallic packing is used, said packing having characteristics .which enable it to be swedged into thescrewthreaded recesses surrounding ,the tubeends whereby ferrules arenot requ ired. to hold the packing in place, suchfew. special Jierrules as are used acting merely as stops to be engaged by the tubes in their movement.

Other objects .and advantages will be apparent from the following specification,

f taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein several forms' yor the invention are illustrated.

ln thedrawings f y 2 Figure l is a fragmentary end viewk of a condenser showing the tubes projecting through the tube sheet thereof and the ferrules constructed in accordance .with the present invention inoperative position;

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 2,9, 1922.

Application filed November 28, y1921. Serial No. 518,151.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig/1;.

Fig. 3 is a rlongitudinal sectional. view taken through a slightly modified form of ferrule, y Y, i. j Fig. 4 is an end view or' a further modifit-ation of the invention, andv y Fig. 5 is a sectional view or' another modi.- tication. i

`Referring more in rdetail to the drawings, a condensertube sheet is shown at 10, and projecting therethrough are the tube ends 11, Theopenings 12 in the tube sheet through which the tubes project are slightly enlarged towardsA their outer ends and a shoulder 13 formed near their inner ends, These enlargementsioflthe,openings 12, are screw-I threadedas at 14, and adapted to `be engaged by the screw-threaded, longitudinally extending sleeves 15` of my improved ferrules, the latter beingindicated generally by usual openthe same with transversely extending annular flanges 1 7 iat the outer end oiy the sleeves 14. Said iiange projectsboth outwardly and inwardly from said sleeve tormiug shoulder 17a and 17", the latterbeing of' considerable extent as. compared to :the'former. The tubes in a condenserare mounted in. rather closefproximity and according to the present invention it is proposed to'con-A struct the flange 17 at the end or'k the i'errule sothat it extends outwardly as shown yinFig. 1, having a shoulder 17h which will overlie a portion of the exposed endsv of all of the tubes immediately surrounding the one to which the ferrule is directly applied. The small, inwardly directed shoulder 17a' overlies'the end of the tube to which the errule is applied, as shown more clearly in Fig, 2. .As is well known. it is customary to apply packing ofl some suitable type, usually fabric` around the tubes between the walls of the latter and the adjacent walls ofthe openings inthe tube sheets through which the ends of the tube project. lemployy prefereration it is valso swedged outwardly into the screw threads 14. After this is done, a ferrule usually applied by screwingthe same into position against the outer end of the packing, as shown in Figure 2. ln carrying out my improvement I dispense with the major portion of these ferrules by providing the improved ferrule above described. This ferrule is screwed in against the packing in the usual'manner. Suitable sockets 19 are provided in the tace of the flange i7 for engagement by a suitable tool in turning the errule. into position. These engaging sockets, however, may be provided in the periphery of the iiange 17, as shown in Fig. 3, in which event a slightly different tool is used in applying the terrule; and, it desired, grooves or the like, 20,' may be provided in the face of the iiange l? should it be desired to use still another form of tool in turning the terrule into position. This latter modiication is shown in Fig; 4. in packing the tubes to which no ferrule is applied, the packing is positioned'in the space surroundingthe same and tampe'd or pressed firmly inwardly against the bottom shoulder 13, preferabl paclring'or iilling the entire space from sai shoulders out to or flushwith the buter surface of the tube sheet. The packing is swedged or pressed laterally into the grooves provided by the screw threads 14E, thus retaining the packing securely in position without the aid of individual ferrules or other retaining means.

As shown in Fig. l, there will be a number of tube ends near the edges of the tube sheets which will not be covered by the anges 17 of the ferrules 16. To these tube ends, however, may be appliedthe ordinary individual 'errule's, 2l, such as have heretofore been employed in connection with all the tube ends of a condenser. The clearance shown between the vshoulders of the flange 17 and the tube ends in F ig. 2 of the drawings is to permit of longitudinal expansion and contraction of the tubes, as will be readily appreciated bythose skilled in the art.

Inv Fig. 5I have shown another modified form ot ferrule in which the outer flange is a separate member. The body ot the ferrulel 22, is preferably the standard ferrule n'ow in use but with the end screw threaded and somewhat tapered. screwthreaded ring 23, is provided which may be screwed over the ltapering thread until it binds. This arrangement permits the use of standard ferrules. The extension mayl be differently shaped and applied in other ways, forl example it may be simply a ring pressed over the end oir the usual ferrule or positively locked theretoby means of a set screwor other suitable fasteningv means.

By the'use ot my improvediierrule a great economy is effected; In the case ot condensers; having several thousand tubes it is'the practice/insonie cases to provide a'packing at; each end of each tube and inl other cases one 'end only, theunpacked ends being eX- panded to engage the tube sheet. In either case by the use of -my improved ierrule nearly siX-sevenths of the number of ferrules formerly required may be dispensed with. 70

Another advantage or' my construction 1s that a freer flow of water through the tubes is possiblesince there are fewer projecting iierrule ends to interfere with the circulation.

Itwill be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is susceptible oit change and modification, andaccordingly it is not desired to limit or restrict rthe same except where limitations appear in the appended claims.

I claim:

l. rlhe combination inacondenser having the usual' tube sheet and tubes projecting therethrough, of a ferruledesigned to entlie tube sheet aroundone ot'l said tubes, and provided with means overlying theendV of the latter and the tube ends immediately surrounding the same.

2. The combination in a condenser'having the usual tube sheet and tubes projecting therethrough, of retaining mea-ns engageable with the tube sheet and overlying a plurality of' the ends of saidtubes to prevent outward displacement of the latter.

` 3Q The combination in a condenser having the usual tube sheet and tubes projectino' therethrough, ot a member engaging sai tube sheet around one of said tubes and provided with means adapted to overlie the end ot' said tube and a plurality of other tube 100 ends for limiting outwardmovement of said tubes.

4. condenserhaving a tube sheet with a large' number of openings therethrough, tubes the ends of which are received within said openings, the outer ends of said' openings being screw'-threaded, metallic packing pressed between said tube ends and said screw threads to engage the' latter and resist movement as the tube expands' and contracts, 110 anda plurality of terrules screwed into certain oi* said openings, and each having a portion which restricts outwardmovement `of the tube in the same opening and having an extension overlying' the ends ofy all the ad- 115 jacent tubes to restrict outward movement of the latter, whereby a smaller number of ferrule's is required than the number of tubes.

5. Asa new article of manufacture a condenser terrule having an inward projection to limit the movement of' the tube which the ferrule surrounds and having a separate member secured thereto and providing an outward extension to limit the movement of adjacent tubes. j,

In testimony whereof, I have subscribed my name.

1 VFRANK PAYNE. 

